{ "version": "1.0", "generated_at": "2026-07-26", "generated_at_note": "The newest per-record review date across this export, not the build clock. Every date on this property has one origin: the record.", "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "license_note": "CC BY 4.0 — reuse with attribution to Peptós.LIFE and a link to https://peptos.life/knowledge-base.", "citation": "Peptós.LIFE Peptide Knowledge Base. CC BY 4.0. https://peptos.life/knowledge-base", "disclaimer": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved. A PCAC recommendation is advisory: it leads to FDA rulemaking, not to authorization to compound and not to availability. Nothing here is medical advice, no molecule is offered for sale in this export, and no dosing information is included.", "evidence_grade_scale": { "measures": "how much human evidence exists — not whether a molecule is good, safe, or worth taking", "A": "Strong human evidence", "B": "Good human evidence", "C": "Mixed / early human evidence", "D": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "E": "Claims outrun the evidence" }, "two_signal_law": "regulatory_status (what the FDA rule says) and availability_verdict (whether a patient can get it) are two independent signals. They are separate keys here and must stay separate downstream. Merging them into one status field misrepresents the data.", "record_counts": { "total": 59, "monographs": 54, "regulatory_only": 5 }, "source": "https://peptos.life/knowledge-base/data", "grading_methodology": "https://peptos.life/peptides/how-we-grade", "records": [ { "slug": "semaglutide", "name": "Semaglutide", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Incretin / GLP-1-axis agonists", "mechanism_family": "Anchor", "mechanism": "A GLP-1 receptor agonist that slows gastric emptying and signals satiety, reducing appetite and improving glycemic control.", "what_it_does": "Reduces appetite and supports meaningful weight loss and blood-sugar control, with the strongest human evidence in the category.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not a cosmetic shortcut and not risk-free; compounded forms are not FDA-approved, and we make no guaranteed-loss claims.", "who_should_not": "Personal/family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or MEN-2; pregnancy. Discuss GI and gallbladder history with a clinician.", "known_unknowns": "Long-term outcomes of compounded (vs. branded) formulations are less characterized; durability after stopping depends heavily on the habits built alongside it.", "evidence_grade": "A", "evidence_grade_label": "Strong human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "multiple large randomized controlled trials in humans (STEP program)", "regulatory_status": "503A / shortage-exception pathway", "availability_verdict": "green", "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Wilding et al., STEP trials (NEJM 2021)", "FDA labeling (Wegovy/Ozempic)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/semaglutide", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "tirzepatide", "name": "Tirzepatide", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Incretin / GLP-1-axis agonists", "mechanism_family": "Anchor", "mechanism": "A dual agonist at both GIP and GLP-1 receptors, amplifying satiety and glycemic effects beyond a GLP-1 alone.", "what_it_does": "Supports the largest average weight loss and metabolic improvement seen in randomized trials to date.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not a guaranteed result and not a substitute for the habits that keep the loss; compounded forms are not FDA-approved.", "who_should_not": "Personal/family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or MEN-2; pregnancy. GI tolerability is dose-dependent.", "known_unknowns": "Head-to-head long-term outcome data is still maturing; compounded-formulation specifics differ from the studied branded product.", "evidence_grade": "A", "evidence_grade_label": "Strong human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "large randomized controlled trials (SURMOUNT / SURPASS)", "regulatory_status": "503A / shortage-exception pathway", "availability_verdict": "green", "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Jastreboff et al., SURMOUNT-1 (NEJM 2022)", "FDA labeling (Zepbound/Mounjaro)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/tirzepatide", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "bpc-157", "name": "BPC-157", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Cytoprotective / tissue-repair", "mechanism_family": "Anchor", "mechanism": "A 15-amino-acid sequence derived from a protein in gastric juice; proposed to support angiogenesis and tissue repair signaling.", "what_it_does": "Studied for soft-tissue and gut-lining repair support.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not a proven cure for any injury.", "who_should_not": "Not characterized in humans; banned in tested sport (WADA S0). Not for anyone subject to anti-doping rules.", "known_unknowns": "Fewer than 30 humans have been studied, with no placebo-controlled efficacy trials. Long-term safety is uncharacterized.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": "animal-dominant, fewer than 30 humans, no placebo-controlled efficacy trials", "regulatory_status": "PCAC recommended · rulemaking pending", "availability_verdict": "amber", "wada_status": "Banned (S0)", "sources": [ "Sikiric et al., BPC-157 cytoprotection reviews (J Physiol Pharmacol)", "FDA PCAC docket, Jul 2026" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/bpc-157", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "tb-500", "name": "TB-500", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Cytoprotective / tissue-repair", "mechanism_family": "Companion", "mechanism": "A synthetic 7-amino-acid fragment related to thymosin beta-4, proposed to influence actin regulation and cell migration.", "what_it_does": "Researched for tendon and muscle recovery support, typically paired with BPC-157.", "what_it_does_not_do": "The marketed fragment is not trial-grade thymosin beta-4.", "who_should_not": "Not characterized in humans; banned in tested sport (WADA S0). Immunogenicity of the marketed fragment is an open question.", "known_unknowns": "Human evidence is minimal and animal-dominant; the marketed fragment differs from studied Tβ4, and antibody responses have been raised.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": "animal-dominant; the marketed fragment isn't trial-grade thymosin β4", "regulatory_status": "PCAC recommended · rulemaking pending", "availability_verdict": "amber", "wada_status": "Banned (S0)", "sources": [ "Goldstein et al., thymosin β4 tissue-repair literature", "FDA PCAC docket, Jul 2026" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/tb-500", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "kpv", "name": "KPV", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Cytoprotective / tissue-repair", "mechanism_family": "Companion", "mechanism": "A tripeptide fragment of α-MSH proposed to modulate inflammatory signaling.", "what_it_does": "Studied for gut and inflammatory support, often discussed with BPC-157.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not a treatment for any diagnosed gut condition.", "who_should_not": "Not characterized in humans; not a substitute for diagnosis or care of any gut condition.", "known_unknowns": "Human evidence is sparse; effect on specific conditions is unproven.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": null, "regulatory_status": "PCAC recommended · rulemaking pending", "availability_verdict": "amber", "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "α-MSH / KPV anti-inflammatory preclinical literature", "FDA PCAC docket, Jul 2026" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/kpv", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "mots-c", "name": "MOTS-c", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Mitochondrial-derived/-targeted", "mechanism_family": "Companion", "mechanism": "A mitochondrial-derived peptide proposed to influence metabolic regulation and exercise response.", "what_it_does": "Studied for metabolic and energy support.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not a proven metabolic treatment.", "who_should_not": "Not characterized in humans; no established safety profile.", "known_unknowns": "Human data is preliminary; metabolic effects are not established.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": null, "regulatory_status": "PCAC recommended · rulemaking pending", "availability_verdict": "amber", "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Lee et al., MOTS-c mitochondrial regulation, Cell Metab 2015" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/mots-c", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "dsip", "name": "DSIP (Emideltide)", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Senolytic/body-comp/misc", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A nine-amino-acid peptide first isolated in studies of sleep regulation; mechanism in humans is poorly characterized.", "what_it_does": "Studied, mostly in older work, for sleep and stress-resilience interest.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not a proven sleep medication.", "who_should_not": "Not characterized in humans; not a substitute for evaluation of a sleep disorder.", "known_unknowns": "Modern controlled human evidence is scarce; effect on sleep architecture is unconfirmed.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": null, "regulatory_status": "PCAC declined · not on Bulks List path", "availability_verdict": "amber", "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Older DSIP sleep-regulation literature (limited modern replication)", "FDA PCAC docket, Jul 2026" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/dsip", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "dihexa", "name": "Dihexa", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Neuroactive", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A small angiotensin IV-derived molecule reported in preclinical work to promote synaptogenesis via hepatocyte growth factor / c-Met signaling. Human pharmacology is uncharacterized.", "what_it_does": "Studied in animal and cell models for synapse formation and memory-related endpoints.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not a treatment for cognitive decline, dementia, or any diagnosed condition, it has no established human safety record, and it is not something we sell.", "who_should_not": "Not characterized in humans. Not appropriate for self-directed use, and not a substitute for evaluation of memory or cognitive symptoms.", "known_unknowns": "Almost everything that matters: no published controlled human efficacy or safety trials, no characterized human dosing, no long-term data, and open questions about growth-factor signaling.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": null, "regulatory_status": "Under PCAC review, 2nd batch (projected Feb 2027)", "availability_verdict": "amber", "wada_status": "Not listed by name; treat as unsafe for tested athletes", "sources": [ "Preclinical Dihexa / angiotensin IV synaptogenesis literature (no controlled human trials)", "FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee, second peptide review projected by end of Feb 2027" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/dihexa", "last_reviewed": "2026-07-26", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "semax", "name": "Semax", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Neuroactive", "mechanism_family": "Companion", "mechanism": "A synthetic ACTH fragment proposed to influence BDNF and attention-related signaling.", "what_it_does": "Researched for focus, attention, and stress-resilience support.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not a treatment for any cognitive or psychiatric condition, and we don't offer it today.", "who_should_not": "Not characterized in Western practice; not a substitute for care of any cognitive or mood condition.", "known_unknowns": "Western trial evidence is minimal; long-term effects are uncharacterized.", "evidence_grade": "C", "evidence_grade_label": "Mixed / early human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": null, "regulatory_status": "PCAC recommended · rulemaking pending", "availability_verdict": "amber", "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Russian clinical literature on Semax (limited Western replication)", "FDA PCAC docket, Jul 2026" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/semax", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "epitalon", "name": "Epitalon", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Pineal/telomere (Khavinson class)", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A tetrapeptide proposed to influence the pineal gland and telomerase activity.", "what_it_does": "Studied for sleep, circadian, and general longevity-support interest.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not proven to extend how long you live.", "who_should_not": "Not characterized in humans; lifespan and telomerase claims are unproven.", "known_unknowns": "Most data is older and methodologically limited; claims outrun the evidence.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": null, "regulatory_status": "PCAC recommended · rulemaking pending", "availability_verdict": "amber", "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Khavinson et al., epitalon peptide-regulation studies (older, limited)", "FDA PCAC docket, Jul 2026" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/epitalon", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "nad", "name": "NAD+", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Cofactor (non-peptide)", "mechanism_family": "Anchor", "mechanism": "NAD+ is a coenzyme found in every cell, central to how your body produces energy and repairs DNA. Levels decline with age and stress, which is why it's a common part of longevity programs.", "what_it_does": "Used for energy and cellular-support, prescribed and personalized.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not proven to extend how long you live, and we don't frame it that way.", "who_should_not": "Generally well tolerated; infusion-rate sensitivity (flushing, nausea) is the common issue. Clinician-supervised.", "known_unknowns": "Longevity evidence in humans is still early; benefits beyond energy/support are not established.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": "mechanism is well understood; human longevity outcomes remain early", "regulatory_status": "503A eligible (Category 1)", "availability_verdict": "green", "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Covarrubias et al., NAD+ metabolism in ageing, Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/nad", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "sermorelin", "name": "Sermorelin", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "GHRH analogs", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "Sermorelin is a synthetic analog of growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH 1–29). It signals the pituitary to produce and release the body's own growth hormone, rather than introducing growth hormone directly.", "what_it_does": "Used to support muscle, recovery, and sleep quality.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not anabolic steroid therapy and is not a guaranteed performance enhancer.", "who_should_not": "Banned in tested sport (WADA S2). Discuss active malignancy and pituitary history with a clinician.", "known_unknowns": "Long-term outcome data is limited; effects vary with age and baseline.", "evidence_grade": "C", "evidence_grade_label": "Mixed / early human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "moderate clinical history as a GHRH analog; outcome data is limited", "regulatory_status": "503A eligible (Category 1)", "availability_verdict": "green", "wada_status": "Banned (S2)", "sources": [ "Walker, sermorelin / GHRH-analog clinical reviews", "FDA labeling history (Geref)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/sermorelin", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "ghk-cu-topical", "name": "GHK-Cu (topical)", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Copper-binding", "mechanism_family": "Companion", "mechanism": "A copper-binding tripeptide that supports skin remodeling signaling when applied topically.", "what_it_does": "Used topically to support skin appearance and hair-care formulations.", "what_it_does_not_do": "Topical cosmetic use is a separate thing from any injectable claim, we never conflate the two.", "who_should_not": "Topical: generally well tolerated; patch-test for sensitivity. Injectable systemic use is out of scope and not available.", "known_unknowns": "Topical absorption and effect sizes vary by formulation; injectable use is not what this entry covers.", "evidence_grade": "C", "evidence_grade_label": "Mixed / early human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "topical/cosmetic and cell-culture evidence; injectable claims are a separate question", "regulatory_status": "Legal, cosmetic / topical", "availability_verdict": "green", "wada_status": "Not prohibited (topical)", "sources": [ "Pickart & Margolina, GHK-Cu regenerative actions, Int J Mol Sci 2018" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/ghk-cu", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "pt-141", "name": "PT-141", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Melanocortin agonists", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A melanocortin (MC3R/MC4R) receptor agonist, bremelanotide, acting on central arousal pathways in the brain rather than on blood flow.", "what_it_does": "Has genuine FDA-approved evidence for one specific use, raising sexual desire in premenopausal women with acquired, generalized HSDD, by working centrally rather than on blood flow.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not approved for men or for postmenopausal women (those uses are off-label), it is not a blood-flow 'ED pill,' and it is not something we offer. Branded Vyleesi and compounded bremelanotide are different regulatory things.", "who_should_not": "Uncontrolled hypertension or known cardiovascular disease. Clinician evaluation required.", "known_unknowns": "Formal efficacy and approval in men aren't established; long-horizon repeated-use effects aren't well characterized. Response and tolerability vary, with nausea and transient blood-pressure changes reported.", "evidence_grade": "A", "evidence_grade_label": "Strong human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "randomized phase-3 trials (RECONNECT) behind the approved product, bremelanotide / Vyleesi", "regulatory_status": "Restricted", "availability_verdict": "red", "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "approved_product_reference": "FDA-approved as Vyleesi (bremelanotide) for acquired, generalized hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women. Compounded PT-141 is not the approved product and is not FDA-approved.", "sources": [ "Clayton et al., bremelanotide (PT-141) RECONNECT trials, Obstet Gynecol 2019", "FDA approval of Vyleesi (bremelanotide), June 2019", "FDA labeling (Vyleesi)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/pt-141", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "tesamorelin", "name": "Tesamorelin", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "GHRH analogs", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A stabilized GHRH analog that stimulates endogenous growth-hormone release; FDA-approved as Egrifta for a specific indication.", "what_it_does": "Used for GH-axis and metabolic support under clinician supervision.", "what_it_does_not_do": "Compounded versions are not FDA-approved, and it is not a general weight-loss drug.", "who_should_not": "Banned in tested sport (WADA S2); contraindicated in active malignancy and pregnancy. Clinician-gated.", "known_unknowns": "Long-term use beyond studied indications is less characterized.", "evidence_grade": "A", "evidence_grade_label": "Strong human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "randomized human trials behind the approved product (Egrifta)", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Banned (S2)", "sources": [ "Falutz et al., tesamorelin trials, NEJM 2007", "FDA Egrifta labeling" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/tesamorelin", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "selank", "name": "Selank", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Neuroactive", "mechanism_family": "Companion", "mechanism": "A synthetic analog of the peptide tuftsin, proposed to modulate GABA and anxiety-related pathways.", "what_it_does": "Researched for calm, anxiety, and stress-resilience support.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not an anxiety medication and is not a substitute for mental-health care.", "who_should_not": "Not characterized in Western practice; not a substitute for mental-health care.", "known_unknowns": "Controlled human evidence is limited; durability of effect is unclear.", "evidence_grade": "C", "evidence_grade_label": "Mixed / early human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": null, "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Russian clinical literature on Selank (limited Western replication)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/selank", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "cjc-1295", "name": "CJC-1295", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "GHRH analogs", "mechanism_family": "Anchor", "mechanism": "A long-acting GHRH analog that stimulates pituitary growth-hormone release, often combined with a GH secretagogue like Ipamorelin.", "what_it_does": "Studied as a GH-axis stimulator for recovery and body-composition interest.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It cannot be legally compounded in the US, and Peptós.LIFE does not offer it, it is education only.", "who_should_not": "Banned in tested sport (WADA S2); not compoundable in the US. Not a substitute for evaluated GH-axis care.", "known_unknowns": "Long-term safety of the long-acting (DAC) form is poorly characterized in humans.", "evidence_grade": "C", "evidence_grade_label": "Mixed / early human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "modest human GHRH-analog data; long-acting (DAC) variants less characterized", "regulatory_status": "Category 2, not under current review", "availability_verdict": "red", "wada_status": "Banned (S2)", "sources": [ "GHRH-analog clinical literature", "FDA compounding Category 2 list (Sept 2023)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/cjc-1295", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "ipamorelin", "name": "Ipamorelin", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "GHRPs / ghrelin secretagogues", "mechanism_family": "Companion", "mechanism": "A selective ghrelin-receptor agonist (GH secretagogue) that prompts pituitary GH release with relatively little effect on cortisol or prolactin.", "what_it_does": "Studied as a selective GH secretagogue for recovery and sleep interest.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is non-compoundable in the US and is not offered by Peptós.LIFE, education only.", "who_should_not": "WADA S2 banned; non-compoundable. Not a substitute for clinical GH evaluation.", "known_unknowns": "Human outcome data is limited; long-term effects are uncharacterized.", "evidence_grade": "C", "evidence_grade_label": "Mixed / early human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "selective GH secretagogue; human outcome data limited", "regulatory_status": "Category 2, not under current review", "availability_verdict": "red", "wada_status": "Banned (S2)", "sources": [ "GH-secretagogue clinical literature", "FDA compounding Category 2 list" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/ipamorelin", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "mk-677", "name": "MK-677 (Ibutamoren)", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "GHRPs / ghrelin secretagogues", "mechanism_family": "Bridge", "mechanism": "A non-peptide ghrelin-receptor agonist taken orally that sustains elevated growth hormone and IGF-1 levels.", "what_it_does": "Raises GH and IGF-1 and stimulates appetite; studied for body composition and sleep.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not a peptide, not FDA-approved, and not offered here.", "who_should_not": "Caution with diabetes/insulin resistance and heart failure (fluid retention); WADA S2 banned.", "known_unknowns": "Effects on long-term glucose metabolism and cardiac parameters need more data.", "evidence_grade": "C", "evidence_grade_label": "Mixed / early human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "human GH/IGF-1 data exists; long-term outcome and safety data limited", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Banned (S2)", "sources": [ "Ibutamoren (MK-677) GH/IGF-1 clinical literature" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/mk-677", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "thymosin-alpha-1", "name": "Thymosin Alpha-1", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Thymic/immune", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A 28-amino-acid peptide that modulates T-cell and innate immune function.", "what_it_does": "Studied for immune modulation; used clinically abroad as an adjunct in specific conditions.", "what_it_does_not_do": "", "who_should_not": "Discuss immunosuppressive therapy and autoimmune conditions with a clinician.", "known_unknowns": "US regulatory path is unsettled; optimal use outside studied indications is unclear.", "evidence_grade": "B", "evidence_grade_label": "Good human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "approved abroad; multiple human studies in immune contexts", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Thymosin alpha-1 (Zadaxin) immune-modulation literature" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/thymosin-alpha-1", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "aod-9604", "name": "AOD-9604", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Senolytic/body-comp/misc", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A synthetic fragment of the C-terminus of human growth hormone, proposed to influence fat metabolism without GH's systemic effects.", "what_it_does": "Studied for fat metabolism.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It did not show meaningful weight loss in controlled human trials, and it is not offered here.", "who_should_not": "Not characterized for any therapeutic use; not a weight-loss treatment.", "known_unknowns": "No credible evidence of clinically meaningful fat loss in humans.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": "controlled human fat-loss trials largely negative", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "AOD-9604 clinical trial literature (predominantly negative for weight loss)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/aod-9604", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "kisspeptin", "name": "Kisspeptin", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Reproductive-axis", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A neuropeptide that stimulates GnRH release, sitting at the top of the reproductive hormone cascade.", "what_it_does": "Studied for libido, arousal, and fertility-related signaling.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not a proven libido treatment, and it is not offered here.", "who_should_not": "Not characterized for routine use; reproductive-hormone effects warrant clinician oversight.", "known_unknowns": "Optimal dosing and durability of effects on desire are not established.", "evidence_grade": "C", "evidence_grade_label": "Mixed / early human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "early but real human studies on the reproductive axis", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Kisspeptin reproductive-axis and sexual-desire studies (Dhillo et al.)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/kisspeptin", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "enclomiphene", "name": "Enclomiphene", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Reproductive-axis (non-peptide SERM)", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A selective estrogen receptor modulator that increases LH/FSH, raising the body's own testosterone production.", "what_it_does": "Raises endogenous testosterone while preserving sperm production.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not a peptide and not a substitute for evaluation of the cause of low testosterone.", "who_should_not": "Banned in tested sport (WADA S4); clinician evaluation for the cause of hypogonadism required.", "known_unknowns": "Long-term outcome data beyond testosterone levels is still maturing.", "evidence_grade": "B", "evidence_grade_label": "Good human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "controlled human trials for raising endogenous testosterone", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Banned (S4)", "sources": [ "Enclomiphene citrate endogenous-testosterone trials" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/enclomiphene", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "rapamycin", "name": "Rapamycin", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "mTOR inhibitor (non-peptide)", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "An mTOR inhibitor that, intermittently dosed, is proposed to mimic some benefits of caloric restriction.", "what_it_does": "Studied for longevity and immune-aging; shows lifespan extension across many animal models.", "what_it_does_not_do": "Human lifespan benefit is not proven, and it is not a peptide.", "who_should_not": "Immunosuppressive; caution with infections, wound healing, and metabolic markers. Clinician-supervised.", "known_unknowns": "Optimal dose/interval for longevity in humans, and long-term immune effects, are unresolved.", "evidence_grade": "B", "evidence_grade_label": "Good human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "robust animal lifespan data; human longevity outcomes still emerging", "regulatory_status": "503A eligible", "availability_verdict": "amber", "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Rapamycin / mTOR lifespan literature", "ongoing human longevity trials" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/rapamycin", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "metformin", "name": "Metformin", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Biguanide (non-peptide)", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "Reduces hepatic glucose output and improves insulin sensitivity; proposed to influence aging-related pathways including AMPK.", "what_it_does": "Improves insulin sensitivity and glycemic control; studied for metabolic and longevity benefit.", "what_it_does_not_do": "Longevity benefit in non-diabetics is not yet proven, and it is not a peptide.", "who_should_not": "Caution with significant kidney impairment; GI tolerability common early. Clinician-supervised.", "known_unknowns": "Whether it extends healthspan in metabolically healthy people is the open question TAME aims to answer.", "evidence_grade": "B", "evidence_grade_label": "Good human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "decades of human metabolic data; longevity case under formal trial (TAME)", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "approved_product_reference": "FDA-approved as metformin (multiple branded and generic products) for type 2 diabetes. Metabolic and longevity use is off-label and the evidence is still emerging.", "sources": [ "Metformin metabolic literature", "TAME trial (Barzilai et al.)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/metformin", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "low-dose-naltrexone", "name": "Low-Dose Naltrexone (LDN)", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Opioid-antagonist (non-peptide)", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "At low doses, transient opioid-receptor blockade is proposed to modulate immune signaling and microglial activity.", "what_it_does": "Studied for autoimmune-related symptoms, chronic pain, and inflammation.", "what_it_does_not_do": "Evidence is limited to small studies, it is not a peptide, and it is not offered on this surface.", "who_should_not": "Not for those on opioid therapy; clinician oversight for autoimmune contexts.", "known_unknowns": "Large randomized trials are lacking; effect sizes vary by condition.", "evidence_grade": "C", "evidence_grade_label": "Mixed / early human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "small human studies in autoimmune/pain contexts; larger trials lacking", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Low-dose naltrexone immune/pain pilot studies" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/low-dose-naltrexone", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "retatrutide", "name": "Retatrutide", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Incretin / GLP-1-axis agonists", "mechanism_family": "Anchor", "mechanism": "A single molecule agonizing three receptors, GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon, combining appetite suppression with an added energy-expenditure signal from glucagon.", "what_it_does": "In trials, drives the largest average body-weight reduction seen to date for the class (reported ~24–29%).", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not a guaranteed result; trial figures are not a promise and grey-market product is unverified and unsafe.", "who_should_not": "Investigational, full safety profile not characterized. Medullary thyroid carcinoma / MEN-2 signal class-wide; pregnancy. Clinician-gated.", "known_unknowns": "Long-term safety and durability are not yet established; the trial program is ongoing and figures may change at peer review and approval.", "evidence_grade": "B", "evidence_grade_label": "Good human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "large Phase-3 trial data (TRIUMPH), figures pending peer review; re-verify", "regulatory_status": "Investigational (Phase 3)", "availability_verdict": "amber", "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Jastreboff et al., retatrutide Phase-2 (NEJM 2023)", "TRIUMPH Phase-3 program (ongoing, re-verify against primary sources)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/retatrutide", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "cagrilintide", "name": "Cagrilintide", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Incretin / GLP-1-axis agonists", "mechanism_family": "Companion", "mechanism": "A long-acting analog of amylin, the satiety hormone co-secreted with insulin; it slows gastric emptying and extends fullness, complementing GLP-1 appetite signaling.", "what_it_does": "Studied as a satiety amplifier that adds to GLP-1 weight effects when combined.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not typically used alone; combination figures are trial-stage, not promises.", "who_should_not": "Investigational, safety not fully characterized; clinician-gated. Class GI tolerability applies in combination.", "known_unknowns": "Standalone efficacy and long-term safety are less characterized than the combination; the program is ongoing.", "evidence_grade": "B", "evidence_grade_label": "Good human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "Phase-3 combination data (REDEFINE), re-verify against primary sources", "regulatory_status": "Investigational (Phase 3)", "availability_verdict": "amber", "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "REDEFINE / CagriSema Phase-3 program (ongoing, re-verify against primary sources)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/cagrilintide", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "survodutide", "name": "Survodutide", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Incretin / GLP-1-axis agonists", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A dual agonist at GLP-1 and glucagon receptors; the glucagon arm adds energy expenditure and a direct hepatic effect studied in liver disease.", "what_it_does": "Studied for weight reduction and for improvement of MASH (metabolic-associated steatohepatitis).", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not approved, not available, and not a liver treatment you can obtain; the MASH data is trial-stage.", "who_should_not": "Investigational, safety not fully characterized; clinician-gated.", "known_unknowns": "Long-term outcomes and the MASH benefit are still being established in Phase-3.", "evidence_grade": "B", "evidence_grade_label": "Good human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "Phase-2 MASH data; Phase-3 ongoing, re-verify", "regulatory_status": "Investigational (Phase 3)", "availability_verdict": "amber", "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Survodutide Phase-2 MASH (NEJM 2024)", "SYNCHRONIZE Phase-3 (ongoing, re-verify)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/survodutide", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "vk2735", "name": "VK2735 (Viking)", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Incretin / GLP-1-axis agonists", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist; the oral formulation is the strategically notable feature versus injectable-only incumbents.", "what_it_does": "Studied for weight reduction; an oral version is in development.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not approved, not available, and the oral-vs-injectable comparison is not yet settled in trials.", "who_should_not": "Investigational, safety not fully characterized; clinician-gated.", "known_unknowns": "Oral bioavailability, durability, and long-term safety are still being established.", "evidence_grade": "B", "evidence_grade_label": "Good human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "Phase-2 data; Phase-3 ongoing, re-verify", "regulatory_status": "Investigational (Phase 2/3)", "availability_verdict": "amber", "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "VK2735 Phase-2 program", "VANQUISH (ongoing, re-verify against primary sources)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/vk2735", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "orforglipron", "name": "Orforglipron", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Incretin / GLP-1-axis agonists (non-peptide)", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A non-peptide small molecule that activates the GLP-1 receptor, enabling once-daily oral dosing without injection.", "what_it_does": "Studied for weight and glycemic control as an oral, injection-free GLP-1 option.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not a peptide, not approved, and not available; we tag it adjacent and capture the query.", "who_should_not": "Investigational, safety not fully characterized; clinician-gated.", "known_unknowns": "Long-term efficacy versus injectable agonists and full safety are still being established.", "evidence_grade": "B", "evidence_grade_label": "Good human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "Phase-2 data; Phase-3 ongoing, re-verify", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Orforglipron Phase-2 (NEJM 2023)", "Phase-3 program (ongoing, re-verify)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/orforglipron", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "5-amino-1mq", "name": "5-Amino-1MQ", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Senolytic/body-comp/misc (non-peptide)", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A small-molecule inhibitor of NNMT (nicotinamide N-methyltransferase), proposed to shift fat-cell energy metabolism.", "what_it_does": "Studied preclinically for fat-cell metabolism.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not a peptide, not proven in humans, and not a weight-loss treatment.", "who_should_not": "Not characterized for human use; not a weight-loss treatment.", "known_unknowns": "No credible controlled human evidence of meaningful fat loss; safety uncharacterized.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": "preclinical / animal-dominant; no controlled human efficacy data", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Preclinical NNMT-inhibition literature (animal-dominant)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/5-amino-1mq", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "tesofensine", "name": "Tesofensine", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Senolytic/body-comp/misc (non-peptide)", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A non-peptide inhibitor of noradrenaline, dopamine, and serotonin reuptake that suppresses appetite centrally.", "what_it_does": "Showed appetite suppression and weight loss in earlier human trials.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not US-approved, not a peptide, and not safe to obtain off-market given cardiovascular and psychiatric risk.", "who_should_not": "Cardiovascular disease, hypertension, psychiatric history; not US-approved.", "known_unknowns": "Long-term cardiovascular and neuropsychiatric safety are the unresolved questions that gate approval.", "evidence_grade": "C", "evidence_grade_label": "Mixed / early human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "some human trial data; not approved; safety signals", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Tesofensine obesity trial literature (not US-approved)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/tesofensine", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "adipotide", "name": "Adipotide (FTPP)", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Senolytic/body-comp/misc", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A peptide that triggers apoptosis in the vasculature feeding white adipose tissue, effectively starving fat stores.", "what_it_does": "Produced striking fat loss in animal models.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not proven or safe in humans, animal studies showed kidney toxicity.", "who_should_not": "Documented renal toxicity in animals; not characterized or safe for human use.", "known_unknowns": "No credible human safety or efficacy data; renal toxicity is the headline risk.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": "preclinical only; animal renal toxicity documented", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Barnhart et al., adipotide preclinical (Sci Transl Med 2011)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/adipotide", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "ss-31", "name": "SS-31 / Elamipretide", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Mitochondrial-derived/-targeted", "mechanism_family": "Companion", "mechanism": "A tetrapeptide that concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane and binds cardiolipin, stabilizing the electron-transport chain to restore ATP output and cut reactive oxygen species.", "what_it_does": "In Barth syndrome, supports mitochondrial energy production; that is the approved, evidenced use.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not approved for aging, energy, or longevity, and the two-signal rule holds: a real approval for one disease is not a green light for off-label use.", "who_should_not": "Off-label longevity use is not characterized for safety; clinician-gated. Approved use is specialist-managed.", "known_unknowns": "Longevity and general-energy benefits in healthy adults are not established; the approval is narrow (Barth syndrome).", "evidence_grade": "B", "evidence_grade_label": "Good human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "grade B for Barth syndrome (approval-grade); grade D for longevity (off-label, unproven)", "regulatory_status": "Approved (Barth) · off-label otherwise", "availability_verdict": "amber", "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "approved_product_reference": "FDA-approved as Forzinity (elamipretide) for Barth syndrome, by FDA accelerated approval in September 2025. Any energy or longevity use is off-label; an approved drug is not an approved use.", "sources": [ "FDA accelerated approval, elamipretide (Forzinity), Sep 19 2025, Barth syndrome", "Stealth BioTherapeutics labeling (re-verify)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/ss-31", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "humanin", "name": "Humanin", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Mitochondrial-derived/-targeted", "mechanism_family": "Companion", "mechanism": "A small peptide encoded within mitochondrial DNA that signals cytoprotection and may buffer metabolic and oxidative stress.", "what_it_does": "Studied for cell-protective and metabolic-stress responses in aging models.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not a proven therapy, has no approved use.", "who_should_not": "Not characterized in humans; no established safety profile.", "known_unknowns": "Human evidence is minimal; therapeutic effects and safety are unestablished.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": "preclinical / early; mechanism interesting, human outcomes unestablished", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Lee et al., humanin / mitochondrial-derived-peptide literature" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/humanin", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "foxo4-dri", "name": "FOXO4-DRI", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Senolytic/body-comp/misc", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A peptide that disrupts the FOXO4–p53 interaction in senescent cells, selectively pushing them into apoptosis.", "what_it_does": "Cleared senescent cells and improved markers of aging in mouse studies.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It has no human data; the mechanism is powerful and unproven in people.", "who_should_not": "Apoptosis-inducing mechanism; not characterized for human safety.", "known_unknowns": "No human safety or efficacy data; off-target apoptosis risk is uncharacterized.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": "preclinical only; no human data", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Baar et al., FOXO4-DRI senolytic (Cell 2017)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/foxo4-dri", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "pinealon", "name": "Pinealon", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Pineal/telomere (Khavinson class)", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A tripeptide proposed by the Khavinson school to act as a tissue-specific 'bioregulator' of neuronal gene expression.", "what_it_does": "Claimed in Russian-origin work to support cognition and cellular aging.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not independently validated.", "who_should_not": "Not characterized in independent practice; no established safety profile.", "known_unknowns": "Independent Western replication is scarce; mechanism and outcomes are unconfirmed.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": "Russian-origin claims; thin independent replication", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Khavinson peptide-bioregulator literature (limited independent replication)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/pinealon", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "vilon", "name": "Vilon", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Pineal/telomere (Khavinson class)", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A dipeptide proposed by the Khavinson school as an immune/longevity 'bioregulator' of gene expression.", "what_it_does": "Claimed in Russian-origin work to support immune function and aging.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not independently validated.", "who_should_not": "Not characterized in independent practice; no established safety profile.", "known_unknowns": "Independent replication is minimal; outcomes unconfirmed.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": "Russian-origin claims; minimal independent replication", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Khavinson peptide-bioregulator literature (limited independent replication)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/vilon", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "igf-1-lr3", "name": "IGF-1 LR3", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Senolytic/body-comp/misc", "mechanism_family": "Escalation", "mechanism": "A modified, long-acting form of insulin-like growth factor 1 that sustains anabolic and proliferative signaling in tissue.", "what_it_does": "Drives muscle growth and recovery signaling; used illicitly in performance circles.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not approved, not safe to obtain, and not appropriate for anyone, its growth signaling is the risk.", "who_should_not": "Theoretical growth-promotion / cancer risk; WADA S2 banned; not characterized for safe human use.", "known_unknowns": "Long-term cancer-risk and metabolic effects of sustained IGF signaling are the central uncharacterized concerns.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": "research-only; potent growth signaling; human safety uncharacterized", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Banned (S2)", "sources": [ "IGF-1 / IGF-1 LR3 growth-factor literature; WADA Prohibited List" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/igf-1-lr3", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "peg-mgf", "name": "PEG-MGF / MGF", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Senolytic/body-comp/misc", "mechanism_family": "Escalation", "mechanism": "A pegylated mechano-growth-factor (an IGF-1 splice variant) proposed to drive local muscle-fiber repair and proliferation.", "what_it_does": "Studied for localized muscle repair signaling.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not characterized for human safety.", "who_should_not": "WADA S2 banned; growth-signaling risk; not characterized for human use.", "known_unknowns": "Human evidence is minimal; growth-signaling safety is uncharacterized.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": "research-only; minimal human data", "regulatory_status": "Expected to stay restricted", "availability_verdict": "red", "wada_status": "Banned (S2)", "sources": [ "Mechano-growth-factor / IGF-1 splice-variant literature; FDA compounding restriction list" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/peg-mgf", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "hexarelin", "name": "Hexarelin", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "GHRPs / ghrelin secretagogues", "mechanism_family": "Escalation", "mechanism": "A potent ghrelin-receptor agonist that triggers a strong pulse of growth-hormone release.", "what_it_does": "Raises growth hormone strongly; used historically in performance circles.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not approved or available, and tolerance plus prolactin effects limit its usefulness.", "who_should_not": "WADA S2 banned; prolactin elevation; not characterized for safe human use.", "known_unknowns": "Long-term endocrine effects and the desensitization curve are poorly characterized.", "evidence_grade": "C", "evidence_grade_label": "Mixed / early human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "older human GH data; desensitization and prolactin concerns", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Banned (S2)", "sources": [ "Hexarelin GH-secretagogue literature; WADA Prohibited List" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/hexarelin", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "ghrp-6", "name": "GHRP-6", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "GHRPs / ghrelin secretagogues", "mechanism_family": "Escalation", "mechanism": "A ghrelin-receptor agonist that releases growth hormone and markedly stimulates appetite.", "what_it_does": "Raises GH and appetite; used historically in performance contexts.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not approved or available, and the appetite effect limits its appeal.", "who_should_not": "WADA S2 banned; appetite/cortisol effects; not characterized for safe human use.", "known_unknowns": "Long-term endocrine and metabolic effects are poorly characterized.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": "older data; strong appetite stimulation; restricted", "regulatory_status": "Expected to stay restricted", "availability_verdict": "red", "wada_status": "Banned (S2)", "sources": [ "GHRP-6 GH-secretagogue literature; FDA compounding restriction list" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/ghrp-6", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "ghrp-2", "name": "GHRP-2", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "GHRPs / ghrelin secretagogues", "mechanism_family": "Escalation", "mechanism": "A ghrelin-receptor agonist that releases growth hormone with somewhat less appetite stimulation than GHRP-6.", "what_it_does": "Raises growth hormone; used historically in performance contexts.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not approved or available, and remains a restricted research compound.", "who_should_not": "WADA S2 banned; prolactin/cortisol effects; not characterized for safe human use.", "known_unknowns": "Long-term endocrine effects are poorly characterized.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": "older data; restricted; prolactin/cortisol effects milder than GHRP-6", "regulatory_status": "Expected to stay restricted", "availability_verdict": "red", "wada_status": "Banned (S2)", "sources": [ "GHRP-2 GH-secretagogue literature; FDA compounding restriction list" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/ghrp-2", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "follistatin-344", "name": "Follistatin-344", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Senolytic/body-comp/misc", "mechanism_family": "Escalation", "mechanism": "A protein that binds and inhibits myostatin, removing the body's natural limit on muscle growth.", "what_it_does": "Produced dramatic muscle growth in animal and gene-therapy models.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not approved or safe, removing the growth brake carries real cardiac and tissue risk.", "who_should_not": "Uncontrolled-growth risk; WADA-banned; not characterized for safe human use.", "known_unknowns": "Long-term cardiac, tendon, and tumor risks of myostatin inhibition are uncharacterized in humans.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": "research-only; uncontrolled-growth risk; minimal human safety data", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Banned (S4.5)", "sources": [ "Follistatin / myostatin-inhibition literature; WADA Prohibited List" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/follistatin-344", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "ll-37", "name": "LL-37", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Thymic/immune", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A cathelicidin-family peptide that disrupts microbial membranes and modulates innate immune signaling, sometimes pro-inflammatory.", "what_it_does": "Studied for antimicrobial and immune-modulating activity.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not approved or available, and its pro-inflammatory potential is a real caution.", "who_should_not": "Pro-inflammatory potential; not characterized for safe human use.", "known_unknowns": "The line between immune support and harmful inflammation is poorly characterized; no human dosing.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": "preclinical; dual antimicrobial / pro-inflammatory biology", "regulatory_status": "Expected to stay restricted", "availability_verdict": "red", "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Cathelicidin / LL-37 host-defense literature; FDA compounding restriction list" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/ll-37", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "ara-290", "name": "ARA-290 (Cibinetide)", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Thymic/immune", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A peptide mimicking the tissue-protective receptor activity of erythropoietin without stimulating red-blood-cell production.", "what_it_does": "Studied for small-fiber neuropathic pain and inflammatory conditions in early human trials.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not approved or available, and the trial evidence is early.", "who_should_not": "Investigational; EPO-class caution; clinician-gated. Not characterized for general use.", "known_unknowns": "Efficacy and long-term safety are not established beyond early trials.", "evidence_grade": "C", "evidence_grade_label": "Mixed / early human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "some human trials (sarcoidosis neuropathy); not approved", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Banned (S2, EPO class caution)", "sources": [ "Cibinetide (ARA-290) neuropathy trial literature (early-clinical)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/ara-290", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "thymalin", "name": "Thymalin", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Thymic/immune", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A thymus-derived peptide preparation proposed to restore immune balance, in the Khavinson 'bioregulator' tradition.", "what_it_does": "Claimed in Russian-origin work to support immune function in aging.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not independently validated.", "who_should_not": "Not characterized in independent practice; no established safety profile.", "known_unknowns": "Independent replication is limited; outcomes unconfirmed.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": "Russian-origin claims; limited independent replication", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Khavinson thymic-peptide literature (limited independent replication)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/thymalin", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "cerebrolysin", "name": "Cerebrolysin", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Neuroactive", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A standardized mix of low-molecular-weight neuropeptides and amino acids proposed to mimic neurotrophic-factor activity supporting neuronal survival and repair.", "what_it_does": "Studied extensively abroad for recovery after stroke and in dementia; the evidence-forward entry in the cognition cluster.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not US-approved or available here, and trial quality across the literature is mixed.", "who_should_not": "Not US-approved; clinician-managed where used; discuss seizure history and allergy. Not characterized for general use here.", "known_unknowns": "Trial quality is heterogeneous; US regulatory path and standardized benefit are unsettled.", "evidence_grade": "B", "evidence_grade_label": "Good human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "70+ human studies abroad; heterogeneous quality; not US-approved", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Cerebrolysin stroke/dementia trial literature (used clinically abroad; quality varies)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/cerebrolysin", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "pe-22-28", "name": "PE-22-28", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Neuroactive", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A spadin-derived peptide that blocks the TREK-1 potassium channel, a target linked to fast-acting antidepressant effects in animal models.", "what_it_does": "Showed antidepressant-like effects in animal studies.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It has no human data, is not approved, and is not a treatment for depression or any mood condition.", "who_should_not": "No human characterization; not a substitute for evaluation/treatment of a mood disorder.", "known_unknowns": "No human safety or efficacy data; durability of the antidepressant effect is unknown.", "evidence_grade": "D", "evidence_grade_label": "Animal and lab evidence; human trials still to come", "evidence_grade_rationale": "preclinical only; no human data", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Spadin / PE-22-28 TREK-1 antidepressant preclinical literature" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/pe-22-28", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "oxytocin", "name": "Oxytocin", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Reproductive-axis", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A neuropeptide central to social bonding, trust, and arousal; intranasal delivery is proposed to influence connection and intimacy.", "what_it_does": "Approved for labor induction; studied off-label for bonding, arousal, and intimacy.", "what_it_does_not_do": "The off-label intimacy use is not strongly evidenced, and compounded forms are not FDA-approved.", "who_should_not": "Off-label use not characterized for safety; clinician evaluation required.", "known_unknowns": "Controlled evidence for off-label intimacy/arousal use is limited; optimal use is not established.", "evidence_grade": "C", "evidence_grade_label": "Mixed / early human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "approved for labor; off-label intimacy use has limited controlled data", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "approved_product_reference": "FDA-approved as Pitocin for labor. Intranasal use for intimacy or arousal is off-label, and the compounded form is not FDA-approved.", "sources": [ "Oxytocin social-bonding / intranasal literature", "FDA labeling (Pitocin)" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/oxytocin", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "gonadorelin", "name": "Gonadorelin", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Reproductive-axis", "mechanism_family": "Companion", "mechanism": "A synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone that stimulates LH/FSH, maintaining testicular function and fertility during testosterone therapy.", "what_it_does": "Used to preserve fertility and natural testicular signaling alongside TRT.", "what_it_does_not_do": "Compounded forms are not FDA-approved, and it is not a standalone testosterone therapy.", "who_should_not": "WADA S2 banned; clinician oversight required as part of a hormonal protocol.", "known_unknowns": "Optimal protocols alongside modern TRT are still being refined.", "evidence_grade": "B", "evidence_grade_label": "Good human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "established GnRH mechanism; modern TRT-adjunct data moderate", "regulatory_status": "503A eligible (Category 1)", "availability_verdict": "amber", "wada_status": "Banned (S2)", "sources": [ "Gonadorelin / GnRH TRT-adjunct literature", "historical FDA labeling" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/gonadorelin", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "triptorelin", "name": "Triptorelin", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Reproductive-axis", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A long-acting GnRH agonist that, after an initial flare, suppresses the reproductive hormone axis, the basis of its approved oncology/endocrine use.", "what_it_does": "Approved and effective for its specific oncology and endocrine indications.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not a safe or proven 'hormone restart,' and that off-label biohacker use is inappropriate and not something we offer.", "who_should_not": "WADA S2 banned; off-label endocrine misuse carries significant risk; specialist-managed for approved use only.", "known_unknowns": "The off-label 'restart' protocol has no controlled evidence and a real risk profile.", "evidence_grade": "A", "evidence_grade_label": "Strong human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "grade A for approved indications; off-label 'restart' use unsupported", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Banned (S2)", "approved_product_reference": "FDA-approved as Trelstar for specific oncology and endocrine indications. The \"testosterone restart\" use is off-label, unproven, and not offered.", "sources": [ "Triptorelin (Trelstar) FDA labeling", "GnRH-agonist endocrine literature" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/triptorelin", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "acetyl-hexapeptide-8", "name": "Acetyl-Hexapeptide-8 (Argireline)", "record_type": "monograph", "common_names": [], "class": "Neuroactive (cosmetic-topical)", "mechanism_family": "Standalone", "mechanism": "A peptide proposed to modestly reduce muscle-contraction signaling at the skin surface, softening the appearance of expression lines.", "what_it_does": "Used topically to soften the look of fine expression lines; low-risk and widely formulated.", "what_it_does_not_do": "It is not injectable Botox and not a wrinkle cure; topical effect sizes are modest.", "who_should_not": "Topical: generally well tolerated; patch-test for sensitivity.", "known_unknowns": "Topical penetration and real-world effect size vary by formulation; it is not a substitute for procedures.", "evidence_grade": "C", "evidence_grade_label": "Mixed / early human evidence", "evidence_grade_rationale": "cosmetic-grade topical evidence; modest effect sizes", "regulatory_status": null, "availability_verdict": null, "wada_status": "Not prohibited", "sources": [ "Acetyl-hexapeptide-8 (Argireline) cosmetic-peptide literature" ], "monograph_url": "https://peptos.life/peptides/acetyl-hexapeptide-8", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-18", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "b12", "name": "Vitamin B12", "record_type": "regulatory_only", "regulatory_status": "503A eligible (Category 1)", "availability_verdict": "green", "no_editorial_record": "This molecule has a regulatory record and no monograph. Regulatory status and availability verdict below are complete; no explanatory content exists to export.", "tracker_url": "https://peptos.life/fda-tracker/b12", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "ghk-cu-injectable", "name": "GHK-Cu (injectable)", "record_type": "regulatory_only", "regulatory_status": "Under PCAC review, 2nd batch", "availability_verdict": "amber", "no_editorial_record": "This molecule has a regulatory record and no monograph. Regulatory status and availability verdict below are complete; no explanatory content exists to export.", "tracker_url": "https://peptos.life/fda-tracker/ghk-cu-injectable", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "trt-enclomiphene", "name": "TRT / Enclomiphene", "record_type": "regulatory_only", "regulatory_status": "503A eligible · SKU pending", "availability_verdict": "amber", "no_editorial_record": "This molecule has a regulatory record and no monograph. Regulatory status and availability verdict below are complete; no explanatory content exists to export.", "tracker_url": "https://peptos.life/fda-tracker/trt-enclomiphene", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "liraglutide", "name": "Liraglutide", "record_type": "regulatory_only", "regulatory_status": "503A / shortage-exception pathway", "availability_verdict": "green", "no_editorial_record": "This molecule has a regulatory record and no monograph. Regulatory status and availability verdict below are complete; no explanatory content exists to export.", "tracker_url": "https://peptos.life/fda-tracker/liraglutide", "last_reviewed": "2026-05-20", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." }, { "slug": "melanotan-2", "name": "Melanotan II", "record_type": "regulatory_only", "regulatory_status": "Expected to stay restricted", "availability_verdict": "red", "no_editorial_record": "This molecule has a regulatory record and no monograph. Regulatory status and availability verdict below are complete; no explanatory content exists to export.", "tracker_url": "https://peptos.life/fda-tracker/melanotan-2", "last_reviewed": "2026-06-16", "compounding_status": "Compounded medications are not FDA-approved." } ] }